注射用华蟾素对大鼠心率及心电图的影响

Effect of Cinobufotalin Freeze-dry Powder on Heart Rate and Electrocardiograph of Anesthesia Rats

目的观察注射用华蟾素对大鼠心率及心电图的影响,为该药在临床应用时监控心脏的不良反应提供实验依据。方法大鼠经颈外静脉插管后恒速蠕动泵给药,标准肢体Ⅱ导联监测大鼠的心率及心电图;比较给药前后心率及心电图的变化。结果静脉注射华蟾素注射液与注射用华蟾素中、大剂量30 min后均可使大鼠心率加快,分别为:(469±40),(466±29)和(484±40)次·min-1,与空白对照组[(411±17)次·min-1]比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但随后恢复正常。少数大鼠可偶致心律失常(期前收缩、传导阻滞等),且相比于空白对照组[P-R间期:(46.90±3.90)ms,Q-T间期:(61.29±9.46)ms],给药后能明显缩短心电图的P-R间期[华蟾素注射液组(39.70±2.54)ms,注射用华蟾素中剂量组(37.70±3.77)ms,注射用华蟾素大剂量组(39.30±7.12)ms]和Q-T间期[注射用华蟾素中剂量组(55.13±4.67)ms,注射用华蟾素大剂量组(51.75±11.53)ms](P<0.05),而对QRS与S-T段无明显改变。结论注射用华蟾素对大鼠心脏有一定的毒副作用,可引起心率加快,偶发心律失常。

Objective To observe the effect of cinobufotalin freeze-dry powder on heart rate （ HR ） and electrocardiogram （ ECG） of SD rats and to provide experimental basis for monitoring its adverse effect on heart in clinical application. Methods The drug was administered into external jugular vein at constant speed throughout the whole experiment;standard-Ⅱ limb lead monitored the HR and ECG, and then the changes in HR and ECG before and after administration of cinobufotalin were compared. Results Thirty minutes after administration of cinobufotalin injection and cinobufotalin freeze-dry powder at middle dose and high dose, HR of the rats was significantly increased as compared with blank control group[（469±40） bpm, （466±29） bpm and （484±40） bpm vs. （411±17） bpm] （P〈0. 05）, but soon afterwards, it returned to normal. A small number of rats also developed arrhythmia. In addition, administration of cinobufotalin significantly shortened the P-R interval[blank control group： （46. 90±3. 90） ms, cinobufotalin injection administration group： （39. 70± 2. 54） ms;middle dose of cnobufotalin freeze-dry powder administration group： （37. 70±3. 77） ms; high dose of cinobufotalin freeze-dry powder administration group：（39. 30±7. 12） ms] and Q-T interval[blank control group：（61. 29±9. 46） ms;middle dose of cinobufotalin freeze-dry powder administration group： （55. 13±4. 67） ms; high dose of cinobufotalin freeze-dry powder administration group：（51.75±11. 53） ms] （P〈0. 05）, but QRS and S-T were unchanged （P〉0. 05）. Conclusion Cinobufotalin freeze-dry powder has some side effects on rat heart and can increase HR, even lead to arrhythmia.