农户参与耕地保护受偿额度及执行保护意愿影响因素分析

Factors influencing farmers' willingness to accept compensation

本文以武汉市中心城区和远城区为实证,通过问卷调查的方式获得相关数据,在对农户样本特征和生态效益认知进行描述性分析的基础上,应用意愿调查法构建模拟假想的补偿政策和交易市场,从耕地产生正外部效益角度对农民进行补偿,测算出农户参与耕地保护的受偿意愿及额度,并对农户获得耕地补偿后能否真正执行与实施耕地保护行为的影响因素进行分析。研究表明:农户对耕地的生态效益认知较薄弱;测算出武汉市农户参与耕地保护受偿意愿平均为每年每亩450.95元;农户耕地保护行为的参与意愿与个体的文化特征、经济特征和耕地保护政策认知有较强的相关性。因此,耕地资源保护不仅要给予农户经济激励补偿,也要从意识上提高生态环境认知,实现农业生产方式和生产结构的转变,充分调动农民保护耕地的积极性和主动性,落实耕地的最终保护责任,才能最终解决耕地生态服务供给不足的问题。

This study uses questionnaire data from the city of Wuhan to provide a descriptive analysis of farmers' characteristics and understanding of ecological beneifts. The analysis applies the contingent valuation method to produce a construction compensation policy simulation and trading market, and then calculates farmers' willingness to accept compensation for producing positive ecological beneifts on farmland. The study also analyses factors that impact cultivated land protection behavior after farmers obtain compensation. Several conclusions can be drawn from this study. Firstly, farm households tend to have little awareness of the ecological beneifts of preserving farmland, and farmers have little incentive to protect farmland. Some farmers may recognize the negative impacts of fertilizers and pesticides on agricultural land, but they continue to use traditional agricultural production practices. Secondly, the compensation that farmers are wiling to accept in Wuhan for farmland protection is 6764.25 RMB/hm2. Thirdly, the participation of farmers in farmland protection behavior has a strong correlation with individual cultural and economic characteristics, and understanding of cultivated land protection policies. It is concluded that the compensation is necessary for the effective supply of ecological services. Thus, the protection of cultivated land resources not only gives farmers economic incentives, but also improves their awareness of ecological function. Only by changing of mode and structure of agricultural production can we solve the problem of insufifcient ecological services on cultivated land.