军队三类人群疲劳状况调查及原因分析

Investigation on the fatigue level in 3 different military populations and cause analysis

目的 通过探讨野战部队战士、海军舰艇舰员、军校学员疲劳状况的差异,以及疲劳状况与心理状况、应对方式的相关性,分析疲劳状况、环境和心理3种因素之间的关系,为提高3种人群的健康状态提供科学依据.方法 用《疲劳自觉症状调查表》、《简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）》、《自动思维问卷（ATQ）》对野战部队战士、海军舰艇舰员和军校学员各120名进行调查.结果 战士的疲劳程度最为严重,舰员次之,最后为学员,疲劳自觉症状调查表评分分别为（31.65±17.01）、（26.87±26.57）、（21.0±18.46）.在身体因子方面战士要较舰员和学员疲劳,舰员较学员疲劳;精神因子方面舰员最为疲劳,战士次之,学员最轻.神经感觉因子从重到轻的顺序为：战士、舰员、学员.积极应对结果：从高到低的顺序为学员、舰员、战士,消极应对的顺序为战士、学员、舰员.消极应对结果：战士最消极,学员次之,舰员最低.结论 3种人群疲劳程度明显不同,疲劳程度不同可能与人群应对方式有关.

Objective To find out the relationship between the fatigue level,environment and mental status by exploring the differences in field army soldiers,naval shipboard personnel and cadets,so as to provide scientific evidences for：the promotion of health of the 3 military populations; the development of practical recommendations and countermeasures in the medical support for the 3 military populations; improvemcnt of their life quality; and most importantly their utter devotion to national defense.Methods Questionnaires were conducted among the 3 military populations （field army soldiers,naval shipboard personnel and cadets） by using quot;the Fatigue Symptoms Questionnairequot; （FSQ）,quot;the Simplified Coping Style Questionnairequot; （SCSQ） and quot; the Automatic Thoughts Questionnairequot; （ATQ）.The data acquired were analyzed by SPSS21 software package.Results The rank of order for the seriousness of fatigue was：first the soldiers,second the naval shipboard personnel and last the cadets.From the standpoint of physical factor,soldiers showed the highest level of fatigue,followed by naval shipboard personnel and cadets.From the aspect of mental factor,shipboard personnel displayed the highest level of fatigue,followed by soldiers and cadets.In terms of sensory nerve fatigue,the rank of order for the seriousness of fatigue was：first the soldiers,second the shipboard personnel and last the cadets.For positive coping style,the rank of order from the highest to the lowest were：cadets,shipboard personnel and soldiers.The rank of order for negative coping style from the highest to the lowest was：soldiers,cadets and shipboard personnel.Conclusions The seriousness of fatigue in 3 military populations was significantly different,which might be correlated with their coping styles.