调控植物类黄酮生物合成的MYB转录因子研究进展

Recent Advances of MYB Transcription Factors Involved in the Regulation of Flavonoid Biosynthesis

类黄酮是一类多酚类次生代谢产物,在植物中广泛存在,具有调节机体免疫力、抗氧化、抗衰老以及抵抗病毒等医疗保健功效。在类黄酮生物合成过程中,MYB转录因子扮演者重要角色,可以调控与类黄酮合成相关的酶基因的表达,从而有效地调控类黄酮物质的生物合成。目前已在很多植物中分离克隆得到了很多调控类黄酮生物合成的MYB转录因子,并对它们的结构功能及表达方式和作用模式进行了深入研究。利用转基因技术将从特定植物中分离得到的MYB转录因子用于植物遗传改良,可有效提高转基因植物中黄酮类物质的含量。因此,MYB转录因子的研究对从分子水平上研究和调节类黄酮的合成具有重要的意义;转录因子的应用是类黄酮生物合成基因工程中的一个新方向。

Flavonoids, widely existing in plant kingdom, are polyphenolic secondary metabolites. Flavonoids were proved to possess various bioactivities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antivirus and anti-aging.MYB transcription factors play an important role in flavonoid biosynthesis, which can activate a few genes＇ co-expression. The regulation of flavonoid biosynthetic pathway by MYB transcription factors has been widely investigated and several MYB members have been identified in crop, ornamental, and model plants. Genetic transformation of the MYB transcription factor obtained from specific plants, can effectively improve the contents of flavonoids in the transgenic plants. A better knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms of the fiavonoid pathway is likely to favor the study of MYB transcription factors, and the utilization of MYB transcription factors of flavonoid secondary metabolism expanded a new aspect in genetic engineering.