8株木霉菌对橡胶树红根病的拮抗作用

Antagonistic Effect of Eight Strains of Trichoderma on Ganoderma pseudoferreum Causing Red Root Rot of Rubber Tree

木霉菌具有抑制植物病原真菌生长的能力,因而成为开发土传根部病害生防菌的首选之一。利用对峙培养法,测定8个木霉菌菌株对3个橡胶树红根病病原真菌的体外拮抗作用,并对筛选出来的木霉菌进行相互间的对峙培养分析。结果表明:有6个木霉菌对3个红根病病原菌具有显著拮抗效果;所选出的6个木霉菌之间尽管多数可以共存,但存在空间和营养竞争,尤其是棘孢木霉,很容易被其它木霉菌抑制和侵占,因此,在今后使用时不适宜混配。该实验结果可为进一步筛选和利用生防菌防治橡胶树根部病害提供理论依据。

Trichoderma spp. has capacities of inhibiting or killing many pathogenic fungi, which make them one of the most promising bio-control agents of many soil-borne pathogens. In this study, the antagonistic effects of eight strains of Trichoderma on the soil-borne Ganoderma pseudoferreum, the pathogen of red root disease in Hevea brasiliensis, were tested with duel culture in vitro, as well as tested the mutual competitive effects among different Trichoderma strains selected. The results showed that six strains demonstrated markedly inhibiting effects and speciality to different pathogen strains. Obvious competition on nutrient and space were observed among the strains of Trichoderma spp., especially the strong inhibition of the Trichoderma asperellum strain by other ones. Therefore, it is not recommended to mix them for synergistic bio-control function in future applications. These preliminary results will help further screening and utilization of the bio-control agents in the management of soil-borne pathogens of Hevea brasiliensis root diseases.