产业转型期珠三角体育用品出口钻石模式分析

Industry Analysis of the Pearl River Delta In Transition Sports Goods Export Diamond Model

运用文献法结合实地调研,以波特钻石模型为理论依据,从生产要素、需求条件、相关产业与支持产业的表现以及企业战略、结构和竞争对手表现等4个主要方面,外加机会与政府2个变量,对珠三角体育用品出口进行行业、企业中观层面分析。研究结果表明:(1)生产要素方面:1企业人力资源不足与天然资源短缺,生产成本不断攀升;2企业地缘与交通基础设施的优势不断凸显;3企业知识与技术资本资源积累严重不足。(2)需求条件方面:国内市场需求旺盛,欧美市场萎靡,新兴体市场动力很足。(3)相关产业和支持产业的表现方面:传统加工贸易产业聚集明显,品牌聚集较低。(4)企业的战略、结构、竞争对手表现方面:1珠三角体育用品业通过产业结构梯度转移实现工艺升级战略;2福建体育用品业通过品牌优势重构实现生产性服务升级战略;3国际体育用品品牌强势挑战,国内市场竞争激烈。(5)政府变量:提供政策保障,营造外部压力。(6)机会变量:企业转型升级,危中有机。最后,提出3点对策:1企业加强自身创新能力;2政府加强政策策略创新与持续性;3企业应大力发展电子商务。

Using the method of documentary and field investigations, to Potter diamond model as the theoretical basis, this paper analyzed the Pearl River Delta sports goods export enterprises middle-level of the industry from the production factors, demand conditions, related industries and support industries and the performance of the enterprise strategy, structure and competition 4 aspects, external opportunities and government of the 2 variables. The results show that：（1） In the aspects of production factor： 1the enterprise human resources and the shortage of natural resources, production costs continue to rise; 2the enterprise geographical and transportation infrastructure continue to highlight the advantage; 3knowledge and technology capital resources of the enterprise accumulation is seriously insufficient.（2） The demand condition： the domestic market demand, Europe and the United States market malaise, emerging market power is enough.（3） The performance of related and supporting industries： traditional processing trade industry aggregation significantly, lower brand accumulation.（4） Strategy, structure, performance of the enterprises competition： 1 the Pearl River Delta sports goods industry through the industrial structure upgrading strategy implementation process of gradient transfer; 2the sporting goods industry in Fujian through the brand advantage of re-configurable implementation of productive service upgrade strategy; 3the international sports brand strong potential challenges, the fierce competition in the domestic market.（5） The government provides policy support, create variables： external pressure. Sixth, when a chance variable： the transformation and upgrading of enterprises, risk in organic.（6）Put forward 3 countermeasures： 1strengthen the self innovation ability of enterprises; 2the government should strengthen policy strategy innovation and persistence; 3the enterprises should vigorously develop e-commerce.