滑坡年代学研究方法应用进展

The Application Progress on Research Methods of Landslide Chronology

滑坡年代学研究对于滑坡灾害的形成演化、预测预警与风险评估等意义重大。为了对比分析各种滑坡测年新技术,综述了各个测试技术在国内外滑坡年代学研究中的最新应用进展。对14C、光释光(OSL)、宇宙成因核素、树木年轮及地衣等测年技术进行了详细分析讨论,探讨了各个测年技术的优缺点、年代测定中存在的问题以及相应的解决策略。结论表明,利用14C、光释光、宇宙核素测年技术分析滑坡年代的研究较多,树木年轮和地衣测年方法应用较少;全球已经开展的研究工作主要集中在北美、欧洲及东亚等地区,中国的研究相对较少;国内的研究主要集中在黄河上游和长江三峡地区。滑坡年代学的研究在中国刚刚开始,具有很大的发展空间和重要的科学意义,对于中西部地区,特别是青藏高原和黄土高原地区的防灾减灾、社会经济发展现实意义重大。

The study on landslide chronology is important for the formation and development,the prediction and warning systems and the risk assessment of landslide hazard.In order to do a comparative analysis of every landslide dating new technologies,the recent application advances on landslide dating both at home and abroad are summarized.Various technologies of landslide dating,such as ^14C,OSL,Cosmogenic nuclides,tree-ring and lichenometry of dating,are discussed and analyzed in detail.The merits and demerits of various technologies and practical problem of landslide dating are discussed and corresponding solutions are given.It is indicated in the conclusion that research projects of ^14C,OSL,Cosmogenic nuclides have been well studied,but projects of tree-ring and lichenometry relatively less.Much of the research in the world are focused in Europe,North America and East Asia,etc,however,few in China.The domestic studies are mostly focused in the Upper Yellow River and the Three Gorges area.The researches of landslide chronology are just beginning and have great capabilities and scientific importance in China.To the Midwest,especially the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Loess Plateau,the studies of landslide chronology have great practical significance for the disaster prevention and mitigation and the socioeconomic development.