国际自然灾害救助标准比较

Comparison of International Natural Disaster Relief Standards

通过对比分析美国、日本、印度、俄罗斯的自然灾害救助项目和标准,总结出这些国家自然灾害救助项目和标准的共同特性:自然灾害救助项目比较完备,救助标准比较细致,救助形式灵活多样,救助标准绝对值较高,救助对象呈现多样化,关注弱势群体。我国已经初步建立了全国统一的自然灾害救助项目和标准,但还存在救助项目单一、标准偏低、缺乏动态调整机制等问题。因此需要借鉴国际经验,充分发挥社会力量的作用,探索建立动态调整机制,进一步完善我国自然灾害救助项目和标准。

Through comparative analysis on natural disaster relief projects and standards in America,Japan,India and Russia,common characteristics of these are summarized： relatively complete natural disaster relief projects,detailed assistance tandards,flexible and diverse forms of assistance,higher absolute value of assistance standard,diversification of rescue objects and attention to vulnerable groups.China has initially established a unified national natural disaster relief projects and standards,but also has the relief projects of singlet,low standards,lack of dynamic adjustment mechanism and so on.