陕西秦岭南麓316国道沿线地质灾害防治对策研究

Control Measures on Geological Disasters along No.316 National Road in the South of Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi

穿越于秦岭南麓汉台区北部中低山区的316国道沿线地质环境条件复杂,地质灾害类型多样。每年汛期地质灾害频发,数百至数万方的危岩体常将路面掩埋,少则堵塞交通数小时,多则数天,过往车辆及行人的财产受到严重威胁。由于316国道为我国南北运输的重要通道,社会影响较大。为此,该文在汉台区1:50 000地质灾害详细调查项目的基础上,将316国道作为重点地段进行专题研究,分析316国道沿线地质灾害的类型、发育特征、成因,并提出了相应的防治对策。调查分析认为316国道沿线地质灾害类型主要为崩塌、滑坡和泥石流;孕育地质灾害发育的不稳定边坡坡型、坡向、坡高、宽度和厚度等决定地质灾害的发育特征;降雨和人类工程活动是地质灾害的主要诱发因素。最后,提出了以监测预警和卸荷减载、铺设柔性防护网、设置抗滑桩等为主的防治对策,为汉中市国土资源局汉台分局等相关部门地质灾害的防范提供决策与依据,也为公路沿线地质灾害的防治提供技术支撑。

Hantai section of No.316 National Road is located in middle-low mountain areas of the southern Qinling piedmont,along which there are complex geological conditions and abundant geohazard types.Geohazards occurred frequently during flood seasons every year,so the roads are often buried by unstable rocks which have a volume of hundreds to tens of thousands of cubic meters.As a result,traffics are blocked for several hours and even several days.Also,passing vehicles and pedestrians are under great threat.Due to the fact that No.316 National Road is a major channel of China＇s north-south transport and has an important social influence,types and characteristics of geohazards along Hantai section of No.316 National Road are analyzed and prevention countermeasures are proposed based on geohazard investigation of Hantai District at a scale of 1： 50000.Field investigation reveals that collapse,landslides and debris flows are the main geohazards.Slope shape,aspect,height,width and thickness of slope body etc.are main inherent factors that determine development characteristics of geohazards along the road.And,rainfall and human activity are main external factors that induce geohazards in the study area.At last,prevention countermeasures including monitoring and early warning,load shedding,flexible support networks and antislide piles are proposed,providing decision basis for geohazard prevention of Hanzhong City Land Resources Bureau and other relevant departments,and also providing technical support for prevention of geohazards along highways.