湖北省城区居民肛肠疾病流行病学调查

Survey on epidemiology of anorectal diseases among urban residents in Hubei, China

目的：了解湖北省城区18周岁及以上居民肛肠疾病的患病情况，为预防、保健和治疗肛肠疾病提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样的方法抽取湖北省城区居民，入户进行问卷调查。SPSS17.0用于分析资料。结果共调查1964名18周岁及以上城区居民，816例报告患有肛肠疾病，患病率为41.55%，其中痔疮患病例数占99.7%，痔疮患病率为41.45%。男性痔疮患病率（46.31%）高于女性（26.79%）。痔疮患病率随着年龄的增加而升高，50～59岁年龄段患病率最高，为63.64%（男性69.13%，女性41.07%）。不同就业状况人群中，在校学生痔疮患病率最低，为4.88%；司机患病率为65.00%，高于其他职业；高温高湿环境下工作的人群患病率高达71.10%，从事工作越负重，患病率越高。卡方趋势检验表明，生活越紧张、越不规律，睡眠越不充足者患病率越高。饮食习惯方面，蔬菜水果摄入越多的人群患病率越低，而经常摄入辛辣食物的人群患病率增高。随着吸烟、饮酒的频率增加，痔疮患病率也随之升高。结论湖北省城区居民肛肠疾病尤其痔疮患病率较高，肛肠疾病的发生与性别、年龄、工作、生活、饮食等密切相关。

ObjectiveTo understand the prevalence and influence factors of anorectal diseases among urban residents aged 18 years and older in Hubei, China as to provide reference for prevention, care and treatment of anorectal diseases.Methods Multi-stage cluster random sampling was adopted to obtain participants. Face-to-face interviews were used to collect data and SPSS 17.0 was performed to analyze the data.ResultsOf 1964 respondents, 816 （41.55%） reported to suffer from anorectal diseases in which 814 were hemorrhoids cases, accounting for 99.7% of anorectal diseases cases, and 41.45% of the total sample. The prevalence of hemorrhoids in male （46.31%） was higher than that in female （26.79%）. With age increase, the prevalence of hemorrhoids increased, with the age group of 50 to 59 had the highest prevalence （63.64%）. The prevalence of hemorrhoids among students was 4.88%, which was the lowest among different employment status, while the prevalence among drivers was 65.00% higher than other occupations. Hemorrhoids prevalence among people working under high temperature and humidity environment was 71.1%. The heavier the workload was, the higher the prevalence was. The trend of chi-square test showed that the more nervous and irregular the life was and the less sleep, the prevalence was higher. People had a lower prevalence when had less intake of fruits and vegetables and a higher prevalence when had more spicy foods. As the frequency of smoking and drinking increased, the prevalence of hemorrhoids also increased. Conclusion The prevalence of anorectal diseases, especially hemorrhoids, among urban residents in Hubei was high; anorectal diseases were closely related with gender, age, work, life style and eating habits.