山西临汾高堆地裂缝成因机制研究

Formation Mechanism of Ground Fissure in Gaodui Village,Linfen City,Shanxi

临汾盆地是汾渭盆地中地裂缝较发育的地区,地裂缝类型众多、成因复杂。在对临汾市区西部高堆村出现的地裂缝进行地质调查并采用电阻率CT方法勘察后,基本控制了该地裂缝的空间展布;从活动构造、地下水开采、黄土湿陷及地层条件、地形地貌环境四个作用因素分析其成因机制。发现,高堆地裂缝深部不存在隐伏破裂面,属非构造成因地裂缝,而地下水超采和黄土湿陷性是其诱发因素,地表渗水使裂缝扩张、加剧,地层条件、地形地貌环境则制约、控制其发育位置。

Linfen Basin is the area developed with ground fissures in Fen-wei Fault Basin Zone.The ground fissures have various types and complex origin.Spatial distribution of the ground fissure in Gaodui Village is figured out by field investigation and resistivity CT survey.The formation mechanism is analyzed from aspects of active tectonics,groundwater exploitation,the loess collapsibility and formation condition and landform environment.It is found that the ground fissures are caused mainly by over exploitation of groundwater and loess collapsibility rather than tectonic activities,because there is no concealed rupture surface in deep earth,The fissure is expanded and intensified by seepage of surface water and controlled by formation and landform environment.