大鼠自体肺血栓栓塞模型的成功制备

Preparation of autologous pulmonary thromboembolism model in rats

目的通过建立操作简便、成功率高、使用经济的急性肺血栓栓塞大鼠动物模型,掌握自体肺血栓栓塞动物模型的制备,检测自体肺血栓栓塞的持久性。方法采用自体血栓法复制急性肺栓塞动物模型,分别于不同时间点检测相应生理生化指标,并于栓塞后3 h,5 h,7 h,24 h,1周处死大鼠,制作大鼠肺组织病理标本。结果栓塞组大鼠自血栓注入后迅速出现呼吸急促、口唇发绀、心率增快等体征。栓塞组大鼠肺动脉压在栓塞后3 h,5 h,7 h,24 h分别为(27.79±4.24)mm Hg,(26.69±4.14)mm Hg,(25.00±6.49)mmHg,(24.54±3.87)mm Hg,与对照组大鼠比较均显著升高(P<0.01)。差异有统计学意义。栓塞后1周组大鼠的肺动脉压为(21.05±4.37)mm Hg,与对照组大鼠比较未见明显升高(P>0.05)。差异无统计学意义。血气分析提示持续性低氧血症,栓塞后24 h氧分压(83.10±3.75)mm Hg,与对照组相比差异具体统计学意义(P<0.01)。栓塞后1周氧分压为(91.22±1.93)mm Hg,与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。栓塞后各时间点肺组织病理标本均提示肺小动脉有扩张充血,肺泡萎陷,肺间质水肿并可见大量红细胞漏出。栓塞后1周肺组织病理标本提示肺动脉内未见明确血栓。结论自体血凝块在持续性大鼠肺栓塞模型的研究中是有限的。今后肺栓塞动物模型的主要研究方向是建立持久固定肺栓塞模型。

Objective To master the preparation of autologous pulmonary thromboembolism animal model and to test the durability of the autologous pulmonary thromboembolism. Methods Adopting the method of autologous blood clots to copy the animal model of acute pulmonary embolism,the relevant physiological and biochemical indexes at different time points were detected,and the rats were killed 3,5,7,24,hours and 7 days after embolism. Results Rats in the embolism group after blood clots injection showed shortness of breath,oral cyanosis,quick heart rate and other symptoms. The pulmonary artery pressure was [（ 27. 79 ± 4. 24） mm Hg],[（ 26. 69 ± 4. 14）mm Hg],[（ 25 ± 6. 49） mm Hg],and [（ 24. 54 ± 3. 87） mm Hg]3,5,7,and 24 hours after embolism respectively（ P〈 0.01）. 1 week after embolism,the pulmonary artery pressure was [（ 21. 05 ± 4. 37） mm Hg]（ P〉 0.05）.Blood gas analysis showed persistent hypoxemia. The oxygen partial pressure was [（ 83. 10 ± 3. 75） mm Hg]24 hours after embolization（ P〈 0.01）. Lung tissue pathology specimens showed pulmonary arterioleilated congestion after embolization at each time. There was no clear thrombus in pulmonary artery. Conclusion Autologous blood clot is limited in the continuous study on rat model of pulmonary embolism. The main research direction in the future is to establish permanent pulmonary embolism model.