人类活动干扰下的滦河河流生态径流变化分析

Analysis of ecological instream runoff of Luanhe River under the interference of human activities

基于滦河流域滦县站1956年-2010年日流量资料,从流量、频率、历时、发生时间、变化率5个方面考虑水文情势变化,选取了33个水文变化指数(IHA)和34个环境流量指数(EFC),应用IHA软件全面分析了这些指数在人类活动干扰前后的变化特征,以及与河流生态健康密切相关的河流情势的改变程度。以滦河流域为例,应用IHA软件分析河流生态径流变化规律,计算了水文特征值的量值、频率、历时、发生时间以及变化率5个方面在人类活动干扰前后的变化特征,评估河流生态径流的33个水文变化指数和34个环境流量指数。结果表明,人类活动显著地改变了河流汛期高流量及其出现频率、极端低流量的量值与出现时间、高流量脉动次数和日流量的变化率等水文要素,而这些水文要素的改变可能是导致河流生态环境破坏的重要原因,研究结果可为河流生态管理与修复提供依据。

Based on the daily runoff data at the Luanxian station in the Luanhe River Basin from 1956 to 2010,the hydrological variations were analyzed from five respects including magnitude,frequency,timing,duration,and variation rate.A total of 67 statistical parameters were selected,including 33 IHA parameters and 34 EFC parameters.Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration（IHA）software was used to analyze the variation characteristics of these indexes before and after the interference of human activities,and the degree of alteration of the river regime closely related to the river ecosystem health.A case study in the Luanhe River Basin showed that human activities have changed the hydrological elements significantly,such as the high flow and its frequency in the flood season,the magnitude and timing of extremely low flow,the frequency of high flow pulses,and the variation rate of daily stream flows,and these changes in the hydrological elements can mainly be attributed to the river ecological environment destruction.The findings in this paper can provide the theoretical basis for river ecosystem management and restoration.