元祐词坛的词体特征论新探

New Explorations on the characteristics of the Style of Ci in the Yuanyou Era

元祐词坛对词体与词源特征同中之异的反思,促成了词体意识的自觉。时论以唐五代文人词的主流趋向为参照,将柔而协律视为词合体的充要特征。其中,协律只是词沟通诗、燕乐二源的必备特征,而"柔"才是词自成一体的关键特征,在词体论中的地位至关重要:词坛各种流行特征,如曲、直、庄、媚、雅、俗、健、靡等的产生及定位都以"柔"为基准,对词体价值的判断也以"柔"在古典语境中的特殊意蕴为依据。

The Yuanyou Era is an important period of self-consciousness of the style of Ci. With the general tendency of Ci in Tang and Five-Dynasties as a referring frame, gentleness and rhythmic harmony are regarded as a necessary and sufficient Condition for the standard form of Ci Poetry： rhythmic harmony is merely a necessary condition for incorporation of the courtly music and poetry, and gentleness is just the key characteristics, which makes Ci a completely independent genre.So gentleness occupies an important place in the criticism of Ci Poetry, and people of that time appreciated Ci style and discriminated other aesthetic features such as toughness, vulgarity, elegance in the terms of gentleness.