高考语文漫画题特点与命制策略刍议——从2014年高考语文江苏卷漫画题的得失谈开去

On the Characteristics of Cartoon Compositions in Chinese College Entrance Examination Paper and Its design Strategy——A Case Study of the Advantages and Disadvantages of the Cartoon Composition in Jiangsu Province in 2014 Chinese College Entrance Examina

经过十多年的命题研究和考试实践,漫画语用题已经成为比较成熟的语文高考题型。梳理、总结近十年全国各省成功高考漫画题,发现其具有内容清楚、辨识容易,形象完整、生动有趣,布局合理、逻辑清晰,考点明确、形式合理的特点。2014年江苏语文高考题中有一道漫画题,漫画的质量不高,其内容会让考生产生过多的联想而难以明确其主题;漫画中部分与部分、部分与整体的逻辑难以辨析,并且漫画既不直观形象又寓意玄奥。这些不足表明漫画题的命制质量还不够稳定,作为高考题型,漫画的选材应有较高的权威性,其命制规律还需要进一步地廓清,应从画面内容、艺术性、逻辑性、考查形式等方面科学地命制,并且应该和漫画在语文教育中的作用研究紧密结合。

After more than a decade of research on assigning a topic for composition and on the real use of these topics in examination, the topics with cartoons have become an essential component in Chinese college entrance examination. Reviewing the successful composition topics with cartoons from different provinces in the past l0 years, it＇ s easy to find the following characteristics： the content is vivid, clear, complete and easy to identify; the layout is normative and logical;the testing point is obvious; the examination form is reasonable. However, in the 2014 Chi- nese college entrance examination of Jiangsu,the quality of the topic with a cartoon is not high, which might have confused examinees with its ambiguous theme and its lack of the sense of integrity and logic. In addition, the cartoon image is not clear while its imphed meaning is ab- struse. All these mentioned above prove that the design quality of the topic with cartoons is not always guaranteed. As part of the college en- trance examination, cartoons should be carefully selected to show its authority, and the design rules should be scientifically clarified in terms of the content, artistic effect, logic and testing form. Meanwhile, the topics with cartoons are also supposed to be closely connected with the teaching of Chinese in high schools.