家庭婴幼儿安全感建立思考

On the Development of the Sense of Safety of Infants and Children in Families

安全需要是儿童心理发展的第一需要,婴幼儿早期安全感的建立与培养,影响着儿童一生的幸福。而家庭在培养婴幼儿安全感中起着重要作用。因此,文章在界定安全感的内涵、阐明早期安全感建立的价值的基础上,分析了影响婴幼儿安全感建立的主要家庭因素,即家庭物质环境、家庭心理氛围、父母情绪状态及父母教养方式,进而提出了有利于婴幼儿安全感建立的对策:为婴幼儿创造一个安全温暖的家;养成合理的教养方式,认同并关注婴幼儿;理性地爱孩子;敢于放手,让孩子做完整的自己。

Safety needs come first in children＇ s psychological development. The early development of the sense of safety of infants and children affects their happiness in their whole life. Families play an important role in developing the sense of safety for infants and children. Therefore,based on the definition of the connotation of the sense of safety and the illustration of the value of the early development of the sense of safety, the paper analyzes the main family factors influencing the development of the sense of safety of infants and children. These factors in- clude family material environment, family psychological atmosphere, parents＇ emotion and their education style. Later, the paper puts forward strategies useful for the development of the sense of safety of infants and children： create a safe, warm home for infants and children; develop in- to reasonable education style and care more about infants and children;love infants and children in a reasonable way;don＇t interfere too much in children＇s life and encourage then to be an independent individual.