下吸式气化炉木屑高温蒸汽气化制取富H_2实验

Performance of Downdraft Gasifier for Hydrogen-rich Gas by High Temperature Steam Gasification of Biomass

设计了生物质高温蒸汽气化实验平台,主反应器为高温蒸汽发生系统和带有喉口的下吸式气化炉。利用该实验平台对木屑进行高温蒸汽气化研究,气化过程通入的蒸汽温度控制在600～1 000℃。实验结果表明：高温蒸汽既是气化过程的气化剂又是部分热载体,能有效提高气化效率,并维持炉内温度场的稳定。实验条件下,气化气可燃组分体积分数达到77%以上,当蒸汽温度为（948±4）℃时,气化气中H2体积分数达到（51.83±0.12）%,气体热值为9.81 MJ/m3,H2/CO组分比达到2.17,气化气可持续稳定燃烧,气化性能较为理想。

In recent years, high temperature steam gasification （HTSG） is a new gasification technology which utilizes super-heated, high temperature steam as gasifying agent as well as partial heat carrier. A HTSG experimental platform for generating hydrogen-rich gas from biomass was proposed. The experimental platform included a high temperature steam generating system, a downdraft gasifier, a gas purification system, a sample gas collection system and an automatic control system. The gasification performance of the downdraft gasifier was evaluated by using pine wood shavings which considered the effects of reaction temperature. The steam temperature was controlled from 600℃ to 1 000℃ during experiment. The results showed that combustible gas composition over volume fraction of 77% was obtained in these experiments. The volume fraction of H2 increased and CO and CH4 decreased as the reaction temperature increased. When steam temperature was （948 ± 4）℃ , the volume fraction of H2 reached （51.83 ±0.12）% , the lower heating value of produced gas was 9.81 MJ/m3, composition ratio of H2/CO reached 2.17 and the gas produced by high temperature steam gasification can be stable to burn, thus the gasification performance was regarded as relatively perfect. High temperature steam gasification is an effective way by using biomass such as pine wood shavings for making hydrogen rich gas, and it has the huge development potential and application space. The results could provide guidance for gasifier and engineering design of the biomass gasification.