人性假设与公共行政思想演变

Human Nature Assumption and the Evolution of Public Administration

人性假设是一切社会科学的逻辑起点,从人性假设出发审视公共行政思想演变是阐释公共行政发展史的重要视角。以公共行政学科建立为界限,公共行政思想演进历程可分为前公共行政学时期和公共行政学时期。从人性假设出发,可以了解前公共行政学时期在性善论影响下的中国政治与行政思想的内控型特征,在性恶论影响下的西方政治与行政思想的外控型特征,以及公共行政学时期以性恶论为基础的经济人假设、以性善论为基础的社会人假设、以人性善恶二重性为基础的复杂人假设对公共行政思想中管理主义、宪政主义及其二者整合的影响。

Human nature assumption is the logical starting point of all social sciences.To examine the evolution of the thoughts of public administration from the perspective of Human Nature Assumption is a good way to interpret the development of public administration. Taken the establishment of public administration as a demarcation,its evolutional process can be divided into pre-public administration period and the period of public administration.From the perspective of Human Nature Assumption,we can explore the internal characteristics of Chinese politics and its administration thoughts under the influence of the Theory of Original Goodness in the pre-public administration period,and study the external features of western politics and its administration thoughts under the influence of the Theory of Original Evil.We also examine how the Economic Man Hypothesis,the Social Man Hypothesis and the Complex Man Hypothesis influence the managerialism and constitutionalism imbedded in the thoughts of public administration and the integration of both.