贵州省水族婴儿生长发育水平和影响因素调查

Investigation on growth and development level and the influencing factors in the infants of Shui nationality in Guizhou

目的：调查水族婴儿的生长发育水平,分析影响其的经济、社会和生育习俗文化等因素。方法：在三都县4个村寨,对2012年10月1日-2013年10月1日出生的全部水族婴儿和产妇进行为期1年的问卷调查和体格检查。结果：共计46个水族婴儿,产后24 h内开始母乳喂养的比例为67.4%,6个月时纯母乳喂养的占33.3%。在3月龄后出现生长发育水平下降,水族妇女对妇幼保健知识的掌握情况较差。文化水平、母乳喂养、辅食添加、多子女家庭是其影响因素。结论：在生育观念和养育习俗方面,如何兴利除弊、因势利导和促进男女平等是改善水族婴儿生长发育状况的关键。

Objective： To investigate growth and development level of infants of Shui nationality,analyze the influencing factors through society,economy and culture. Methods： A questionnaire investigation and physical examination were conducted among all the infants born from October 1st,2012 to October 1st,2013 and lying-in woman of Shui nationality in four villages of Sandu county. Results：Totally 46 infants of Shui nationality were investigated. The rate of breastfeeding within 24 hours after birth was 67. 4%,and the rate of pure breastfeeding within 6 months was 33. 3%. The growth and development level of infants dropped from 3 months. Maternal and child health care knowledge of the women of Shui nationality was low. Educational level,breastfeeding,complementary food and multiple-child family were influencing factors. Conclusion： How to promote the beneficial and abolish the harmful and make the best use of the circumstances about the concept of childbearing and bring up convention and how to promote equality of men and women are key points to improve growth and development of the infants of Shui nationality.