环氧化酶-2及其抑制剂与肿瘤耐药的研究进展

Research progress of Cyclooxygenase-2 and its inhibitor and drug resistance in cancer

近年来,恶性肿瘤的死亡率逐年增加,这与抗癌药物长期作用所继发的多药耐药(MDR)密切相关,肿瘤耐药性的产生是导致化疗失败、疾病进展的重要原因。环氧化酶-2(COX-2)是催化花生四烯酸生成各种前列腺素的关键酶,在多种肿瘤中表达并参与肿瘤耐药性的发生,从而降低化疗疗效。COX-2抑制剂有抑制肿瘤细胞生长,降低耐药蛋白表达等抗肿瘤作用,因此,为逆转肿瘤细胞耐药性、增强肿瘤患者对抗肿瘤药物的敏感性,进而提高治疗效果,对COX-2抑制剂与化疗药物联合抗肿瘤作用的研究成为了热点。

In recent years,the malignant tumor mortality rate has increased year by year,which is closely related to the subsequent multidrug resistance caused by the long-term effect of anti-cancer drugs.The emergence of tumor drug resistance is an important cause resulting in failure of chemotherapy and the progress of the disease.Cyclooxygenase-2（COX-2）is a key enzyme catalyzing arachidonic acid to generate a variety of prostaglandins,which expresses in a wide variety of tumors and participate in the occurrence of tumor drug resistance,thus reduces the efficacy of chemotherapy.COX-2 inhibitors can inhibit the growth of tumor cells,and reduce the expression of drug resistance proteins.Therefore,to reverse drug resistance of tumor cells,enhance the sensitivity of antitumor drugs in tumor patients,and to improve the treatment effect,the research on anti-tumor effect of COX-2 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs has become a focus.