猪神经元蛋白3.1基因3'侧翼区多聚腺苷酸数目多态性及其与肉质性状的关系

Poly A polymorphisms in 3' flanking region of pig neuronal protein 3.1 gene and their relationships with meat traits

选取54头莱芜猪和40头鲁莱黑猪,宰后测定肉质性状,利用聚合酶链反应及单链构象多态性(polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism,PCR-SSCP)技术检测其神经元蛋白3.1(neuronal protein 3.1,P311)基因3'侧翼区2个多聚腺苷酸(poly A)结构的长度多态性,测序确定连续腺苷酸的数目,并与肉质性状进行关联分析,以期发现有效多态位点.结果表明:1)在莱芜猪和鲁莱黑猪中共检测出2个连续腺苷酸数目的多态位点poly A-L1和poly A-L2,两者的poly A数目分别为18、15和15、12,2个位点的3种基因型分别记为poly A-L1位点的MM型、NN型和MN型,以及poly A-L2位点的BB型、DD型和BD型;这2个多态位点在莱芜猪和鲁莱黑猪群体中均处于哈代-温伯格平衡(P>0.05),其多态性在2个猪种间的分布差异在统计学上均不显著.2)莱芜猪poly A-L1位点的3种基因型之间在肉质性状上均未表现出统计学上的显著差异,但MN型个体各项肉质性状普遍优于2个纯合型,肉质较好,鲁莱黑猪中的结果与此相同.3)莱芜猪poly A-L2位点的3种基因型之间在肉质性状上均未表现出统计学上的显著差异,但鲁莱黑猪在该位点处的失水率和烹饪损失指标在统计学上差异显著,其中DD型个体的失水率显著高于BD型个体,BB型和DD型个体的烹饪损失显著高于BD型,其余各指标的基因型间在统计学上差异不显著.总之,在这2个位点处普遍表现为杂合型的肉质性状优于纯合型,生产中应重视2个纯合型个体间的杂交利用,以产生更多肉质优良的杂合型个体.

Summary The neuronal protein 3 .1 （P311） ,also called PTZ17 ,is coded by the P311 gene ,which is located in the porcine chromosome 2 . The P311 is extensively distributed in the nervous and muscular systems and had the functions in myofibroblast differentiation and alveolar generation processes . It is also closely related to the fatdeposition . The 3′flanking region doesn＇t code for protein , but it can affect the phenotype by some ways , such as the regulation of the degradation and translation rates of the mRNA . The research on the polymorphisms of the 3′flanking region in the porcine P311 gene is still rare .