基于事故树分析的我国某铀矿山土壤重金属污染评价

Contamination Assessment to a Uranium Mine in China Based on the Fault Tree Analysis

在运用事故树对我国某铀矿山土壤重金属污染的来源进行定性分析的基础之上,采用地累积指数法和潜在生态风险评价方法对矿山周边土壤中U、Cd、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb、Zn八种重金属进行定量评价.结果表明,各种金属对土壤的污染程度随着离铀矿山距离的增加而呈现减弱的趋势,整个区域的重金属污染处于极强的水平.地累积指数法的评价结果为:元素Cd为极重污染,元素U为重污染至极重污染,其次为Cr,Pb,Zn,Mn,Cu,元素Ni为无污染;潜在生态风险指数法的评价结果为:元素Cd为极强污染,其次为Cr,Pb,Zn,Mn,Cu,Ni,均为轻微污染.

On the basis of using the fault tree analysis method to analyse the sources of heavy metal pollution to a uranium mine,the cumulative index method and the potential ecological risk assessment methods were used to quantitatively evaluate pollution of the eight metal（ U,Cd,Cr,Cu,Mn,Ni,Pb,Zn） in the study area soil. The result shows that the heavy metal contamination degree to soil decreased with distance from the uranium mines.The evaluation results of the cumulative index method were that the Cd is the highly polluting element,U is medium-heavy polluting element,followed by the Cr,Pb,Zn,Mn,Cu,and Ni element is pollution-free. The evaluation results of the potential ecological risk assessment methods showed that Cd is extremely strong element,followed by the Cr,Pb,Zn,Mn,Cu and Ni,which are slightly polluted elements.