城市蔓延综合指数的评价与分析——以武汉市为例

An Integrated Approach for the Assessment of Urban Sprawl: A Case Study in Wuhan Metropolitan Area

城市蔓延是城市边界向外扩张、城市用地更为分散的现象,往往是人口增长、经济收入提高、交通便捷、土地利用变化等引起的。采用集成3S技术综合测度城市蔓延的程度,将城市蔓延的综合指数分解为人口指数(Ips)、社会经济指数(Ies)、交通指数(Its)和土地利用指数(Ils),并融合遥感、地理信息系统和空间分析技术进行多因素多因子评价,对武汉市1984—2013年城市蔓延程度进行度量。研究结果表明:Ips总体呈直线上升,Ies、Its和Ils总体呈指数型上升,Ils和Its近5年的增幅较大;路网密度空间自相关指数Moran’s I值最低,分布最为分散,Its权重值最高,建设用地比例权重值最低;城市蔓延度综合指数在2004年前的增长速度相对缓慢,之后呈显著上升趋势。

Urban sprawl is the expansion of urban boundary and the dispersion of urban land driven by and manifested in population,socio-economic development,transportation and land use. As a result,focusing on the causes and effects of urban sprawl,we decompose urban sprawl into population index（ Ips）,socio-economic index（ Ies）,transportation index（ Its） and land use index（ Ils） for the comprehensive assessment in Wuhan from 1984 to 2013. Remote Sensing（ RS）,Geographical Information System（ GIS） and Spatial Analysis（ SA） techniques are integrated and multi-index assessment are applied during this process. The results show that Ipshas presented a linear growth; Ilshas demonstrated an exponential growth and the growth rates of Iesand Itshave fluctuated slightly.In addition,it is revealed that road density is the most scattered distributed and thus given a higher weight. Global Moran＇s I of the percentage of built-up land is the highest and thus lowest weight is given. The calculated Iushas gradually increased before 2004 and obviously increcesed after that. In our research,we integrated RS,GIS and SA techniques and assess urban sprawl in a comprehensive manner.