长白山阔叶红松林早春植物生长特征研究

The research on growth characteristics of broad-leaved korean pine forest early- spring plant of Changbai mountain

以长白山阔叶红松林下的早春植物为对象,对其生长发育过程、生长环境特点、生物量及其群落学特征进行研究,结果表明:长白山阔叶红松林下早春植物有12种2变种,相对重要的前10种依次为黑水银莲花、朝鲜银莲花、顶冰花、多被银莲花、东北延胡索、侧金盏花、五福花、全缘叶延胡索、大人字果、线叶延胡索;早春植物生长发育需凉爽、湿润、光照充足的环境条件,其生长发育过程与上层林冠有密切关系。长白山阔叶红松林下早春植物总生物量为395.83 kg·hm-2,其中,地上部分生物量为135.26 kg·hm-2,占总生物量的34.17%;地下部分生物量为260.57 kg·hm-2,占65.83%,总密度为272.65万株·hm-2。早春植物在森林生态系统物质循环、能量流动方面具有重要作用。

The early- spring plant in broad- leaved Korean pine forest of Changbai mountain as research object. The growth and development process,growth environment characteristics,biomass and community characteristics were studied.The results showed that the early- spring plants growth need the environmental conditions of cool,moist and abundant light. The early- spring plant broad- leaved korean pine forest which was investigated this time had 12 species 2 varietas.The 10 important species were Anemone amurensis,Anemone rosii,Gagea lutea,Anemone raddeana,Corydalis ambigua,Adonis amurensis,Adoxa moschatellina,Corydaiis repens,Enemion raddeanum,Corydalis lineariloba. The total biomass of early- spring plant in broad- leaved Korean pine forest of Changbai mountain was 395. 83 kg·hm^-2. The biomass of overground part and underground part was 135. 26 kg·hm^-2and 260. 57 kg·hm^-2,it accounted for 34. 17% and 65. 83%of total biomass. The total density was 2 726 500 individual plants per hectare. The early- spring plant had important effect on material circulation and energy flow of forest ecosystem. Its growth and development process had close relation with the upper canopy.