补体成分在支气管哮喘气道表达及对结构细胞的作用

Expression of complement components in bronchial mucosa of asthmatics and their effects on airways structural cells

目的 探求补体成分过敏毒素C3a和C5a在支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）气道表达及对结构细胞的作用.方法 利用免疫组织化学的方法对补体成分C3、C3d、C5b-9、C3aR和C5aR在健康和哮喘气道黏膜的表达/沉积进行比较.结果 发现在哮喘患者气道黏膜标本中,上述成分在气道黏膜层、黏膜下层、平滑肌及腺体的表达/沉积明显增加.体外实验表明补体C3a和C5a均可刺激气道组织结构细胞（上皮、内皮、平滑肌和成纤维细胞）的增殖.结论 结果提示补体系统活化及过敏毒素C3a和C5a可能参与哮喘发病过程.

Objective To investigate expression of complement components and anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a in bronchial mucosa of asthmatics and their effects on airways structural cells.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect expression/deposition of complement components C3,C3d,C5b-9,C3aR and C5aR in bronchial mucosa of asthmatics compared with healthy controls,and as well as expression of C3aR and C5aR in vitro,an in vitro assays was employed to measure effects of C3R and C5a on proliferation of airways structural cells.Results Immunostaining showed that in asthmatic airways the immunoreactivity of above components was significantly elevated in the epithelium,submucosa,smooth muscles and gland.In vitro experiments indicated that airways structural cells expressed anaphylatoxin receptors C3aR and C5aR.Exposure of C3a and C5a induced the proliferation of these structural cells,including epithelial,endothelial,smooth muscle and fibroblast cells.Conclusions Data suggest that activation of the complement system and anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a may be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma.