迈向“以人为本”的可持续型企业——海底捞模式及其理论启示

Toward a Sustainable Humanistic Enterprise:HDL Mode and Its Theoretical Implications

针对中国企业如何利用"低学历"劳动力形成可持续竞争优势问题,本文运用案例与扎根方法,系统研究了海底捞的企业价值观、战略和人力资源管理及其绩效影响。研究发现:"海底捞模式"本质上是一种可持续型企业组织的雏形,这种可持续型企业组织是基于"以人为本"价值观、经济逻辑与制度逻辑相协调的新型企业形态,它以三维平衡型企业价值观和共享愿景、使命为基础,以差异化竞争、人力资本、企业社会责任相结合的战略模式为中心,以体系化的人力资源管理及其制度化为手段,建立起了一种人本型价值观驱动的整合组织体系,进而使其在经济、员工及社会三方面取得良好绩效和可持续性。最后,本文以"海底捞模式"为原型,结合经典的组织社会学理论,提出了一种以人为本、经济逻辑与制度逻辑相协调的"双螺旋"企业模型,并对该模型在中国转型发展经济中的适用性及应用含义进行了讨论与展望。

Focusing on the big challenge of changing China＇s ＂low quality＂ labor into a sustainable competitive advantage, this paper conducts a case study and grounded research on HDL （Hai-Di- Lao Restaurant Chain） to examine its corporate values, strategies and HRM and their effects on enterprise performance. The study finds that the ＂HDL mode＂ is, in essence, an early form of sustainable enterprise which is based on ＂humanistic management＂ values and coordinated economic logic and institutional logic. Based on a balanced triple value system （economic-emotionalsocial values） and a shared vision/mission, this kind of enterprises have an innovative and integrated strategy system which incorporates its different competitive strategy, human capital strategy and corporate social responsibility strategy into a cohesive one, and uses a SHRM system as its main management tool. These management behaviors will make contribution to enterprises＇s good economic, employee and social performance and lead to enterprises＇ sustainable development. At last,based on the HDL mode and classic organizational sociological theories, this paper proposes a ＂double helix＇firm model of coordinated economic logic and institutional logic. The paper also discusses the future development of the theory and its management application in China＇ s transitional economy.