探索还是开发?关键一刻的抉择——奇瑞创新战略分析

Exploration or Exploitation?Choice at a Key Moment:The Analysis of Chery's Innovation Strategy

本文基于前景理论与威胁僵化理论,认为管理者对环境的不同威胁感知会影响企业的创新实践,并将这一环境威胁感知区分为控制减少和资源损失两类。同时,本文引入组织冗余变量(已吸收冗余和未吸收冗余),运用文本分析和编码设计方法,以奇瑞为案例研究对象,探究其创新实践的发展历程中,不同类型的环境威胁感知和组织冗余对探索性创新、开发性创新的差异化影响。研究结果表明:管理者对组织内外部环境变化的威胁感知会影响组织创新战略的选择,在资源损失威胁感知下,倾向于采取探索性创新;在控制减少威胁感知下,倾向于采取开发性创新。同时,已吸收冗余会强化控制减少威胁感知与开发性创新之间的关系,未吸收冗余会强化资源损失威胁感知与探索性创新之间的关系。

Based on the threat rigidity theory and the prospect theory, this study proposes that managers＇ different environmental threat perceptions will influence enterprise＇s innovation prac- tice, and then categorizes them into threat of control reduction and threat of resources loss. Meanwhile, this paper introduces the variable of organizational slack, and divides it into absorbed slack and unabsorbed slack. Using content analysis and coding design, it investigates the process of the innovation practice of Chery and studies how different environmental threat perceptions and organization slack impact on exploratory innovation and exploitative innovation. The study shows that managers＇ threat perception of internal and external environment change will affect the choice of organizational innovation strategy, and managers tend to take exploratory innovation under threat of resources loss, and exploitative innovation under threat of control reduction. Meanwhile, absorbed slack can strengthen the relationship between the threat perception of con- trol reduction and exploratory innovation, while unabsorbed slack can strengthen the relationship between the threat perception of resources loss and exploitative innovation.