争霸 扩建 攻伐 衰落 玛雅地区的城邦文明

City Civilization of the Mayas

说到玛雅,最为世人所知的要数奇琴伊察玛雅城邦遗址,那里曾是古玛雅最大最繁华的城邦。其实,玛雅从来就不是一个统一的国家,在它的历史上,无数城邦林立,互相攻伐。或许正是因为分裂带来的竞争,玛雅地区的城邦文明特别有生命力,一个个宫室壮丽,塔庙巍峨,哪怕被废弃了千年,依然令人惊叹。玛雅古典时代的艺术,毫无疑问是世界文明史上一道亮丽的风景。蒂卡尔的宫殿、帕伦克的王陵、科潘的雕像、基里瓜的石碑,还有伯南帕克的壁画,都是人类文明的瑰宝,

Chichen Itza was the largest and most prosperous city of the ancient Maya civilization. In fact, Maya had never been a unified empire. Over the sweep of its history, numerous cities existed, fighting with each other. It was perhaps the competition driven by its separate state that had led to the dynamic city civilization of the Mayas. The historic palaces and temples, though abandoned for more than 1,000 years, still amaze the people today with their spectacular beauty.