摘要
[Objective] This study was conducted to explore the internal relationship among root biological traits of sweetpotato, as well as the regularity in their formation and differentiation. [Method] The root traits of 10 sweetpotato cultivars were measured through hydroponic culture in a greenhouse and field survey, and then their correlations were analyzed by statistical methods. [Result] The root morphological traits of sweetpotato at seedling stage such as projected area, surface area, average diameter and volume processed the highest contribution rate （80.56%） 10 d after transplanting, and the contribution rate of root average diameter reached 27.79% 20 d after transplanting. Storage root fresh weight per plant shared extremely significant positive correlations with storage root fresh weight of penultimate node and storage root fresh weight of antepenultimate node, and a significant positive corre- lation with commercial storage root number, and a significant negative correlation with storage root number of penultimate node. Among them, the correlation coeffi- cient of storage root fresh weight per plant with storage root fresh weight of antepenultimate node was the highest （0.659 5）. Fifteen days after transplanting, storage root fresh weight per plant had significant negative correlations with root projected area, surface area and volume. There was a significant positive correlation between root dry weight and storage root fresh weight per plant 25 d after transplanting. Root dry weight, volume, length, average diameter of sweetpotato seedlings had higher relational degrees with storage root fresh weight per plant. Ten and twenty days after transplanting were important time for the growth and differentiation of sweetpotato roots. In addition, node length and planting depth had certain influence on sweetpotato yield, and direct relationship existed between the seedling root biological traits and storage root yield of sweetpotato. [Conclusion] The results provide theoretical support for standard cultivation and new variety breeding of sweetpotato.
[目的]研究甘薯根系生物学性状的内在关系,了解其形成和分化规律。[方法]通过温室水培和田间调查相结合的方式,利用统计学方法研究了10个甘薯品种的根系性状。[结果]栽后10天,甘薯苗期根系的投影面积、表面积、平均直径和体积等形态性状贡献率最高且达80.56%;栽后20天,根平均直径的贡献率最高且达27.79%。收获后,单株块根总鲜重与倒三节、倒二节块根重量呈极显著正相关,与商品薯数呈显著正相关,与倒二节块根数呈显著负相关,与倒三节块根重量关联系数最高且达0.659 5。在栽后15天,苗期根系的投影面积、表面积和体积与单株块根总鲜重之间呈显著负相关;而在栽后25天,苗期根系干重与单株块根总鲜重之间呈显著正相关,苗期根干重、根体积、根长和根平均直径等性状与单株块根总鲜重关联度较大。栽后10天和20天可能是甘薯根系生长、分化的重要时间节点,节间长度和栽插深度影响产量形成,苗期根系生物学特性与收获后块根产量之间有直接关系。[结论]研究结果为甘薯标准化栽培和新品种培育提供理论支撑。
基金
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-11-B-11)~~
