论中国近代高等师范学校教育类课程的演变

The Evolution of Educational Curricula in Higher Normal Schools in China in Modern Times

甲午战争失败后,中国陷入空前的民族危机,为满足"开民智"的需求,师范教育在中国大地萌生。高等师范教育作为师范教育的重要组成部分,从产生之日起就被赋予了特殊的责任和使命。伴随中国近代教育发展的历程,高等师范教育的地位也几经变化,而这其中变化最明显的莫过于高等师范学校中教育类课程的演变。教育类课程随着高等师范教育地位的变迁,经历了从肯定到否定到再肯定的过程。作为高等师范学校的特色,通过梳理教育类课程的演变过程,可以充分了解近代国人对高等师范教育特殊性认识的变化。

The loss of the Sino-Japanese War（1894-1895）forced China to face serious national crises. In order to meet the need of“awakening people’s intelligence”,normal education sprang up in China. Higher normal education as the important part of normal education had been given particular responsibility and mission when it came into being. Following the development of education at modern times,higher normal education’s position had experienced different changes,of which the most obvious variation was educational curricula. With the change of the higher normal education,educational curricula went though a process from positive to completely negative and then to a certain affirmation. By analyzing higher normal schools educational curricula’s evolution,we can know the particular change of Chinese cognition of higher normal education’s in modern times.