大学伦理精神的制度定在与蔡元培大学制度的构建

Institutional Dasein of University Ethical Spirit and Construction of Cai Yuanpei's University System

大学制度具有内生性,它是按照大学生存发展的内在逻辑生成的。大学制度是大学伦理精神的制度性定在。蔡元培不但是中国现代大学理念的倡导者,更是中国现代大学制度创制者和践行者。他的尝试为中国现代大学百年发展奠定了基础。为了使人的全面发展理念以及自由、民主精神浸透大学活动的方方面面,在外部环境的创设上,蔡元培力图通过大学区制,实现教育的独立与大学自治,通过平民学校、劳动大学之制,力倡教育之平等;在内部通过教授治校、研究所制等,确保大学的民主治理和高深学问研究的学术本质。

The university system, which is endogenous, is based on the inherent logic of a university’s development. It is the institutional embodiment of a university’s ethical spirit. Cai Yuanpei, an advo-cate and practitioner of modern university concept, set up the modern university system in China. He made every effort to promote an overall development of man and disseminate democratic ideas, laying a solid foundation for the development of Chinese modern universities. Externally, he managed to divide the nation into some university districts to ensure educational independence and autonomy for universi-ty governance. To promote equal education, schools for common people and labor education programs were established. Internally, he encouraged professors’ engagement in university governance for its de-mocracy and the establishment of institutes for doing high caliber research.