埃博拉出血热的研究进展

Research progress on Ebola hemorrhagic fever

埃博拉病毒(ebola virus,EBOV)是传染性疾病埃博拉出血热(ebola hemorrhagic fever,EBHF)的病原体,已在非洲造成多次大规模的暴发流行,死亡率极高。它可通过与患者体液直接接触,或与患者擦伤的皮肤、暴露的黏膜等接触而传染。典型症状及体征主要表现为常规的发热、乏力、肌肉酸痛、头痛、咽喉痛、结膜出血和休克,随后出现呕吐、腹泻、皮疹及多器官功能衰竭等。其致病机制与病毒包膜糖蛋白(viral envelope glycoprotein,GP)有密切的关系。现已制造出使猴群不会被埃博拉病毒感染的疫苗,但尚无对人类有效的疫苗。

Ebola virus is the pathogene of Ebola hemorrhagic fever,which has a high mortality and has caused many large-scale outbreaks in Africa.The virus is transmitted by body fluids of patients,abrasions in the skin or mu-cosal tissues.The clinical features general consist of onset of fever,weakness,sore muscle,headache,sore throat, conjunctival hemorrhage and shock.Emesis,diarrhea,rash and multi-organ failure may develop subsequently.The pathogenic mechanism of EBOV is closely associated with viral envelope glycoportein （GP）.Scientists have already developed effective vaccine for monkeys,but it not helpful for human.