生物技术国际立法路径变迁及对策研究

International Biotechnology Legislative Path Changes and Coping Strategies

通过分析生物技术国际立法路径变迁趋势,描述了生物技术国际立法之间的关系,并对比了以《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》(TRIPS)为代表的财产性条约体系与以《生物多样性公约》(CBD)为代表的共有性条约体系,TRIPS强调对技术所有者的保护,CBD强调对资源所有者的保护;认为生物技术国际立法逐渐显出统一合作趋势,日益重视利益平衡原则,对国内法的制约和影响也有所增强;中国需要积极参与生物技术国际条约的制定和执行,提高国内生物技术企业研发能力,增强在条约制定和修订中的发言权。

Through analyzing the changing trend of international biotechnology legislation, this paper describes the relationship among biotechnology legislations. A contrast has also been made between the Property - oriented Treaties system, represented by TRIPS, with the Commons -oriented Treaties system, represented by CBD, respectively. TRIPS emphasizes the protection of the technology owners, while CBD attaches greater importance to protecting the natural resources. International legislation of the biotechnology is gradually turning towards a unified trend, also paying attention to the principle of interests balance. Moreover, its influence on domestic law increases accordingly. For this change China needs to actively participate in the enaetion and performance of international treaties of biotechnology, and through improving the domestic biotechnology research and development capabilities, to become better qualified in the treaty - making.