宁夏贺兰山自然保护区小兽格局分布的初步研究

Preliminary study on the distribution pattern of small mammals in Ningxia Helan Mountain Nature Reserve

目的掌握贺兰山自然保护区小兽类动物种群格局与区系分布,为林业部门和旅游业预防鼠害及鼠传疾病提供科学依据以及为小兽类动物研究提供基础生物学资料。方法于2012年10月至2013年10月,在贺兰山东麓滚钟口和苏峪口两个区域的4个有林垂直带,采集小兽类标本,结合以前文献进行综合整理,建立小兽类动物种群分布信息数据库,运用Excel 2003软件和动物群落相似度进行分析。结果贺兰山自然保护区共有小兽类动物43种,隶属6目10科33属。分析表明,啮齿目仓鼠科、鼠科和跳鼠科共计26种,是贺兰山自然保护区小兽类动物的基本类群,北社鼠为优势种。在贺兰山的43种小兽类动物中,属古北界的30种,广布的12种,东洋界1种。结论通过调查基本掌握了贺兰山自然保护区部分地区小兽类动物的种群格局与区系分布,也为该地区进一步研究鼠传疾病提供了依据。

Objective In order to better grasp the Helan Mountain （Mts. Helan Shan region） Nature Reserve of small mammal animal population pattern and fauna distribution, and provide scientific basis for mice and rats transmit disease prevention of forestry department and the tourism, also provide the basic data for the study of biology of small mammals. Methods In 2012 October-2013 October on the activity peak in Helan Mountain donglu Gunzhongkou and Suyukou two region of 4 forest belt, acquisition of small mammal specimens, combined with the comprehensive arrangement of previous literature, a small mammal animal population distribution information data in the database, using Excel 2003 and animal community similarity analysis. Results The nature reserve has a total of 43 species of small mammals, belonging to 6 orders, 10 families and 32 genera. Analysis shows that, Rodentia, Cricetidae, Muridae and jerboa total 26 species, is the fundamental group of small mammals area of Helan Mountain Nature Reserve, North bellied rat （Niviventer confucianus） is the predominant species. In 43 species of small mammals in Helan mountain in the animal, 30 species of Palaearctie region, 12 species of Oriental realm, wide cloth 1. Conclusion Through the investigation, we mastered the population structure and distribution of small mammals animal in some areas in Helan Mountain Natural Reserve, but also provide the basis for further research on this area in infectious diseases.