社、树及云雨——桑树林下的男女与《诗经》中的性隐喻

Community,Tree,and the Sport of Cloud and Rain——Men and Women in the Mulberry Bushes and the Sex Metaphor in Book of Songs

古代的社祭隆重而不乏温情,在祭拜土神的同时,社祭典礼还为青年男女提供了相会和交流的最好机遇,因为土地神不仅主宰大地的生养,还是人们婚姻的媒神。社祭树下的媾合孕育了一大批古代的帝王与圣贤,这是人类原始婚姻状态的写照,更是中国传统文化天人合一理念的反映。"食色性也",描摹了古人朴素的生活方式,一直是儒家倡导的人生理想。

The ceremony of offering sacrifices to community god in ancient times was very solemn and no lack of warmth .It was an occasion of offering sacrifices to the god of earth ,and a greatest opportunity for young men and women to meet and communicate , as the god of land was not only the dominator of the births on the earth , but also the psychic match‐maker of human marriage . Love making under sacrificial tree gave birth to large number of emperors and sages in ancient times . It is a portrayal of the primitive marriage customs , and a reflection of the traditional Chinese cultural conception of the unity of heaven and man .“The desire for food and sex is part of human nature .” This saying depicts the plain life style of ancient people , and has been the life ideals advocated by confucianists . A review of the history in this period helps us to understand our ancestors＇aw areness of heaven and earth , and therefore no longer view the recurring descriptions of “Wushan＇s clouds and rain” , and“date in mulberry bushes”as odd tales . It also enables us to have a more profound understanding of the origin of the traditional culture . There will be no more wonder in knowing that Book of Songs once was considered as pornographic poetry .