13～22岁城市学生毒品沾染行为与3方面家庭因素的关系

Relationship between three sorts of family factors and drugs using among urban students aged 13-22 years

目的探讨家庭类型、母亲文化程度、父亲职业等3项家庭因素与学生毒品沾染行为的可能关联,为相应干预措施的制定提供科学依据。方法采用调查问卷,整群抽取25 251名13-22岁学生进行调查。结果毒品沾染行为报告率的差异上,6类家庭男生有统计学意义（χ2=30.064,P=0.000）,女生也有统计学意义（χ2=14.201,P=0.007）,男女生都是隔代家庭较高,单亲家庭也较高,但重组家庭并不高;母亲文化程度5个水平男生差异无统计学意义（χ2=4.862,P=0.302）,女生也无统计学意义（χ2=8.301,P=0.081）,但男女生合计有统计学意义（χ2=13.719,P=0.008）,母亲文化程度高学历的学生报告率较高;12类父亲职业男生差异无统计学意义（χ2=15.240,P=0.172）,女生也无统计学意义（χ2=17.074,P=0.106）,但男女生合计有统计学意义（χ2=27.351,P=0.004）,报告率较低的依次是父亲为城市务工的农民、商业/服务人员、工人、临时工／下岗人员,较高的是父亲为领导、专业技术人员。结论学生毒品沾染行为方面,家庭类型对男女生均有明显影响,母亲文化程度、父亲职业的影响不十分明显,家庭完整性对学生毒品沾染行为有重要影响。

Objective To explore the relationship between three sorts of family factors and drugs using （DU） among students, so as to provide the evidence for formulating effective interventions to prevent the students from DU. Methods A total of 25 251 students aged 13 to 22 years were sampled by using the stratified cluster sampling method and surveyed with special questionnaires. Results For the DU reported rates, there were significant differences among six kinds of families for both male （xZ=30.064,P=0.000） and female students （X2=14.201, P=0.007）. The DU reported rates were higher in the students from grandparent＇s families and single-parent families, but not in the reconstructed families. There were no significant differences among the students of the five levels of mother education degree （MED） for both male （X2=4.862, P= 0.302） and female （X2=8.301, P=0.081）, but there was a significant difference between the total male and female students （X2=13.719,P=0.008）. The students whose mother had the highest education level had higher DU. There were significant differences among the twelve sorts of father occupation （FO） for both male students （X2=15.240,P=0.172） and female stu dents （X2=17.074,P=0.106）, but there was a significant difference between the total male and female students （X2=27.351, P=0.004）. The students whose fathers were the migrant workers, waiters, workers and temporary workers/laid-offs had the lower DU, while whose fathers were leadership and professionals had the higher DU. Conclusions For DU, the family types have significant influence on both male and female students, However, MED and FO have no significant influence on the students. The risk of DU increases in the students who live in the non-integrity families.