2010—2014年桂林市流感病毒核酸检测结果分析

Analysis of results of influenza virus nucleic acid detections in Guilin City, 2010-2014

目的分析2010年1月—2014年6月桂林市流感病毒的流行情况,为该地区内流感的科学防控提供依据。方法采集桂林市疾控中心监测的流感样病例（ILI）的咽拭子样本,采用荧光定量RT-PCR方法确定病毒的亚型,并分析各亚型流感病毒的流行情况及其与患者性别、流行时间等因素的关系。结果 2010—2014各年份流感监测的阳性率在12.32%-36.62%,4049例样本的总阳性率为22.8%,阳性样本中各型所占比例为B型52%,季节性H1型1%,季节性H3型34%,新甲型H1型13%。患者中男性发病率为24.42%,女性发病率为20.60%,差异无统计学意义,发病人数的高峰期集中在每年的3—5月。结论 2010—2014年桂林地区的流感疫情主要以乙型流感为主,春季为流感发病的高峰期。对流感样病例进行流感病毒核酸检测并对结果进行数据统计,可以更好的判断该地区流感流行的特点,为流感疫情的防控提供有效参考。

Objective To analyze the prevalence of influenza in Guilin City from January 2010 to June 2014, so as to provide the evidence for prevention and control of influenza. Methods Real-time RT-PCR was used to determine the subtypes of influenza virus from swap samples of influenza-like illness （ILI） cases in Guilin, 2010-2014, and the relationship between the prevalence of influenza and patient gender, transmission time and other factors, respectively. Results The positive rates of each year from 2010 to 2014 were between 12.32% and 36.62%, and of the total 4 049 samples, the positive rate was 22.8%. The proportion of each type was influenza B 52%, seasonal H1 1%, seasonal H3 34%, and newtype influenza A H113%, respectively. The incidence of the male was 24.42%, and the female 20.60%, and there was no significant difference. The incidence peak was concentrated in March-May each year. Conclusions Influenza B is mainly influenza in Guilin, 2010-2014, and spring is the peak period of the onset of influenza each year. With the detection of influenza virus nucleic acid and the result statistics, we can better know the prevalent features of influenza in certain region, and have effective reference for prevention and control of influenza outbreaks.