现代性视域下少数民族体育的民运会出场与回归——基于贵州“独竹漂”运动的考察

Presence and regression of ethnic sports in National Games of Minorities from the angle of modernity——A study on Guizhou bamboo canoe drifting sports

贵州赤水河流域的"独竹漂"运动,由传统社会中渡河出行的交通方式,演变成现代民运会中的表演竞赛项目,为探析少数民体育的民运会出场与回归问题提供了重要的文本。通过田野调查、深度访谈、文献资料等方法,从现代性的视角对贵州"独竹漂"运动的民运会出场与回归进行研究。结果显示:在政府意志的推动下,"独竹漂"通过现代性转型,完成了从民间传承到民运会表演与竞赛的华丽转身,其出场是功利性的工具理性行为,在一定程度上给其带来了新生和繁荣,并由此催生了向外推广普及的发展愿景。但在民运会之后,其发展渐归常态,对外推广普及的愿望也趋于落空。为此建议:民运会后,"独竹漂"更应理性回归,坚持聚焦,突出特色优势,集中精力走小众化和区域性传承与发展之路。这对于其他任何一项意欲进入到民运会中的少数民族体育都具有借鉴与启示意义。

The ＂bamboo canoe drifting sports＂in Guizhou red river basin has evolved from the cross-ing transportation mode in traditional society into the performance and competition project of modern National Games of Minorities.Itˊs an important text for analyzing the presence and regression of eth-nic sports in National Games of Minorities.This paper has explored the presence and regression of ＂bamboo canoe drifting sports＂from the modernity perspective with field survey,in -depth inter-view,documentation and other methods.The results show that under the push of government,the ＂bamboo canoe drifting sports＂has completed a magnificent turn from folk tradition to National Games of Minorities performance and competition by modernity transformation.Its appearance is a utilitar-ian rational behavior,to some extent it brings a new life and prosperity,and thus has inspired the vision of outward promotion and popularization.But after the National Games of Minorities,its de-velopment gradually return to normality,the promotion and popularization vision tends to fall.In this case,it is suggested that the ＂bamboo canoe drifting sports＂should rationally return in the period after National Games of Minorities,highlight the characteristics and advantages,and focus on minor-ity and regional heritage and development.It is of reference and enlightenment for any other minority sports which are to get into the National Games of Minorities.