“堕、陷”类动词的语义韵及其认知阐释

Semantic Prosody on the Words of Duo(堕) & Xian(陷) and Cognitive Interpretations

"堕、陷"类动词呈现出消极语义韵特点,从古至今,该类动词的消极语义韵呈现不断加强的态势。"堕、陷"类动词的消极语义韵特点,与空间隐喻有很密切的关系。"堕、陷"的语义特征可以描述为[+起点][+向下][+位移][+落差][+终点],"堕、陷+宾语"凸显"向下的落差",在隐喻认知机制的作用下,从空间始源域映射到心理域或社会域,凸显心理产生的落差,或社会层次的降低。从力动态的角度来看,分别是由于物理力、心理力或社会力作用的结果。

The words of Duo（堕） ＆ Xian（陷） show a negative semantic prosody. From ancient times until today, this characteristic is even strengthened, and this characteristic has a very close relationship with spatial metaphor. Duo（堕） ＆ Xian（陷） can be described as [＋Source][＋Downwards][＋Displacement][＋Drop height] [＋Destination]. Duo（堕） or Xian（陷） ＋ Object highlights ＂downward gap＂, and this feature can be mapped from space domain to the psychological domain or social domain, showing the psychological gap or social gap. From the point of force dynamics, it is the result of physical, psychological or social force.