《吴音奇字》中知、庄、章、精组声母问题刍议

The Simple Discussion on the Relationships between the Initial Consonants of Zhi(知),Zhuang(庄),Zhang(章) and Jing(精) Groups in Wu Yin Qi Zi(吴音奇字)

《吴音奇字》是一部描写明末清初之际北部吴语的地道的方言字书,其知、庄、章、精组声母的分合与今常熟吴音的情况基本一致。其中江摄的知二、庄组字、阳韵的庄组字与大部分知三、章组字合流读成舌叶音,其余的知二、庄组字与精组合流读成舌尖前音。部分音同知三、章、见组的精组细音字折射出颚化的语音特征,为吴音声母颚化的历史研究及近代吴音史的构建提供了重要参考。

Wu Yin Qi Zi（吴音奇字） is a native dialect dictionary that describes the northern Wu（吴） dialect during the late Ming（明） and early Qing（清） dynasty and the relationships between the initial consonants of Zhi（知）, Zhuang（庄）, Zhang（章） and Jing（精） groups in it are mostly consistent with the modem Changshu（常熟） dialect. The words whose initial consonants are Zhier（知二） and Zhuang（庄） group and whose vowels belong to Jiangshe（江摄） and Yang（阳） rhyme are read as the palatal alveolari of the tongue just like Zhisan（知三） and Zhang（章） group. The others are read as the tip of the tongue just like Jing（精） group. Some words of Jing group which are read as Zhisan（知三）, Zhang（章） and Jian（见） group reflect the feature of palatalization, which provides an important reference for the research of the history and reconstruction ofWu（吴） dialcet.