污泥生物干化中嗜热菌荚膜染色方法的比较

Comparison of Capsule Staining Methods for Thermophiles in Sludge Bio-Drying

目的研究污泥生物干化中嗜热菌的荚膜染色效果,找出效果最好的嗜热菌荚膜染色方法,为进一步研究污泥生物干化中的生物内源产热规律及其脱水机理奠定了基础.方法以嗜热菌为实验对象,采用湿墨水法、干墨水法、Anthony染色法、石炭酸复红墨汁法、刚果红盐酸负染色法、刚果红盐酸负染色法的改进等7种方法,结合1 600倍油镜镜检,从荚膜清晰度、实验操作难易程度、所需时间及其存在的缺陷等方面进行比较,评价其染色效果.结果将7种方法对比分析,发现湿墨水法染色效果好,Anthony染色法和石炭酸复红墨汁法一染色效果较好,石炭酸复红墨汁法二和刚果红盐酸负染色法染色效果差,干墨水法和刚果红盐酸负染色法的改进染色效果较差.结论湿墨水法染色效果好,但荚膜易粘黏在一起,而Anthony染色法和石炭酸复红墨汁法一不但染色效果较好,而且更有利于后续生物内源产热规律的研究.

In order to find the best method for sludge bio-drying and to provide a basis for further study on biological endogenous heat production regularity and dewatering mechanism of bio-dr- ying, effect of capsule staining for thermophilies was studied in this paper. Taking thermophiles as experimental objects, seven methods were used, such as wet ink method, dry ink method, Anthony staining method, carbolfuchsin-ink method, congo-red-hydrochloric-acid negative staining method, improved congo-red-hydrochloric-acid negative staining method and oved congo-red-hydrochloricacid negative staining method. Under the microscope of oil mirror（ 1 600 ×）, clarity grades of cap- sules were compared. Comparisons in aspects of difficulty in experimental operations, test time and test defects were also carried out, in order to evaluate the staining effect. It is found that the effect of wet ink method is the best. Anthony staining method and carbolfuchsin-ink method one are better than other four methods. The effects of carbolfuchsin-ink method two and congo-red-hydrochlo- ric-acid negative staining method are not good; dry ink method and improved congo-red-hydro- chloric-acid negative staining method are less effective. Conclusion is that the staining effect of the wet ink method is good, but capsulesare easy to stick together. The Anthony staining method and carbolfuchsin-ink method one are not only have good staining effects, but also are desirable for following research on the biological endogenous heat production rule.