论四库全书《诗类》五种提要之异同

On Similarities and Differences of Five Summaries of Shi Lei in Si Ku Quan Shu

四库全书《诗类》五种提要有同有异:书名同,卷数异;有无修刻者;字数篇幅差池;剖判汉学、宋学异辙,并打上颂圣烙印;《四库全书总目》所论有时未为公允。各提要著录之卷数差池有三大主因:一是乾隆下令对书籍的抽毁、删窜等等;二是书前提要纂写时间与书籍编成时间有分异;三是《四库全书总目》提要编撰者未如实著录书籍之卷数。各提要内容歧异之原因在于义理学之儒者逐渐退隐,汉学派主导了经术舞台,表彰汉学,抑黜宋学。援引错误、表述错漏之原因是编纂者未尽能比勘核查群书。

The five summaries of Shi Lei in the Si Ku Quan Shu share the following similarities and difference： a summary with the same title but different volumes ; existences of the chief editors＇ name ; distinction of word count and the text length; different attitudes to Sinology and Neo-Confucianism and eulogium of the emperors;general cat- alogue with a unjust tone. There are three major reasons for the differences of the volume number. The first is the destruction, deletion and rewriting by emperors＇ orders. The second is the difference between the time of writing the prefatory summaries and the time of compiling the books. The third is the untruthful description of the book volumes by the compilers. The reason for the differences of the summaries is that Confucians of Neo-confucianism have gradually retreated, but the scholars of Sinology have dominated the academic studies. The main reason for errone- ous citation and misleading statements lies in that the compilers are unable to check all the books perfectly.