大学教师的课堂教学艺术

The Art of Classroom Teaching in University

大学教师课堂教学艺术,就是大学教师在课堂教学的内容、技能、方法等方面给人以美的享受的那些东西。大学教师课堂教学艺术具有普遍性、具体性和特殊性的特征。它有三个最基本的要素。第一个是大学教师课堂教学艺术基本功的方面,有两个最主要的基本功,一是做功,二是讲功。做功中除了教态之外,还有写功、画功和演功;讲功包括三个方面,一是要讲得有内容,二是要讲得清楚,三是要讲得中听。第二个是大学教师教什么的方面,首先要教学生知识,既要教现实世界的知识,也要教彼岸世界的知识;不仅要讲直接知识,也要讲间接知识;既要讲现象学的知识,也要讲元学的知识,还要讲方法学的知识。其次是教方法,既要教学生学习方法和研究方法,也要教学生教学方法和领导方法,还要授之以人格力量。第三个是大学教师怎么教的方面,首先是选择教学方法的艺术,其次是控制教学过程的艺术,最后是掌握教学效果的艺术。

The art of classroom teaching in university refers to the beautiful and enjoyable things con-cerning the contents,skills and methods of classroom teaching given by teachers in the university.It is universal,concrete,and specific.It has three basic elements.The first is the basic teaching skills,i. e.performing skills and speaking skills.Performing skills include four aspects：acting,writing,draw-ing and presenting.Speaking skills require teachers to speak substantially,clearly and pleasantly to be heard.The second is what to teach.On the one hand,a teacher should impart knowledge to students, experimental and metaphysical,direct and indirect,superficial,phenomenal as well as meta and methodological knowledge.On the other hand,the teacher should also teach methods on learning,re-searching,teaching,leadership and personality power.The third is how to teach,including the art of choosing proper teaching methods,that of controlling teaching process,and that of monitoring the teaching methods.