重症监护的液体管理

Fluid Management in the Intensive Care Unit

液体治疗是在危重患者治疗领域的一种有效措施。其根本目的在于通过补充丢失的液体量,保证有效循环血容量,改善微循环,防止并逆转组织器官低灌注,促进组织器官功能恢复。尽管目前关于液体的治疗已经取得了很大进展,但在液体治疗的量、种类以及目标等方面还存在很多争议,该文就近年来国内外相关研究进展进行综述。

The administration of intravenous fluid to critically ill patients is one of the most important measures in the intensive care unit（ICU）.The fundamental targets for fluid administration include supplementation for fluid or blood loss,improving microcirculation,compensation for increased resistance to venous return with subconsequent reduction of preload,and maintenance of perfusion pressure under conditions of reduced vasomotor tone.Though great progress has been made in fluid treatment,there are still controversies in the dosage,type and target of the treatment,and here is to make a review of the related research progress in and out of China.