利用裂解技术模拟测定烤烟的热释放行为

Determination of release behaviour of flue-cured tobacco by simulated pyrolysis technology

为研究加热型卷烟制品在不同加热温度下的热释放行为,采用热裂解技术对粉末型烤烟在150-400℃下受热时挥发性化合物的释放行为进行研究。结果表明：随着受热温度的增加,烟草所释放出的挥发性产物的种类和数量都发生了明显变化,挥发性产物种类不断增多,释放的产物总量也在不断增加。与烟草模拟燃烧裂解所释放的尼古丁相比较,150℃时所释放的尼古丁仅为其5%左右,到200℃和250℃时,烟碱的释放量分别达到模拟燃烧时的62%和82%左右,当烟粉在300℃加热时,烟碱的释放量有所减少,但随着受热温度的提高,烟碱的释放量缓慢提高。烟碱烯的释放量在350℃达到峰值,这时释放的烟碱烯量约为该温度下所释放的烟碱量的15.68%,而模拟燃烧状态下所释放的烟碱烯量约为350℃加热状态时的35%左右。可替宁的释放量与烟碱烯非常相似,麦斯明的释放量随着加热温度的升高而迅速增加,150,200,250,300,350℃加热时所释放的麦斯明分别为模拟燃烧状态时所释放的麦斯明的2.57%,18.78%,39.39%,65.62%,85.72%。烟草组分在250℃以下加热,烟草中的香味物质基本上得到挥发,同时不会形成对人体有害的成分。随着温度的继续升高,有害物质的形成量会随之增加,形成的主要有害物质包括苯酚、甲基苯酚、乙基苯酚、邻苯二酚、间苯二酚、苯并呋喃衍生物以及苯腈、苯丙腈类化合物。

In order to investigate the heating-release behaviour of heated tobacco products,powdered Virginia tobaccos were decomposed at the temperature of 150,200,250,300,350 and 400 ℃ by pyrolytic technology respectively.It was shown that total volatiles increased with the increasing heating temperature.Compared with burned tobacco,only 5 percent of nicotine was released at 200 ℃,while 62% and 82% at 200 and250 ℃ respectively.The heating temperature had obvious effects on the release of nicotyrine,myosmine,cotinine and 2,3＇-dipyridyl.The content of nicotyrine reached the highest level at 350 ℃,up to 15.68% of the released nicotine content at the same temperature.However,the nicotyrine delivered from burned tobacco was only 35% of released nicotyrine from the heated tobacco at 350 ℃.Cotinine showed the similar changing behavior to nicotyrine.The released myosmine increased quickly with increasing temperature,compared to the burned cigarette,reached 2.57%,18.78%,39.39%,65.62%,85.72% of the content of delivered myosmine respectively.Heated at below 250 ℃,the aromatic substances were vaporized and no harmful or potential harmful substances formed basically.With the elevated temperature,the harmful substances formed and increased with the increasing heated temperature.The main harmful or potential harmful substances included phenol,methyl phenol,ethyl phenol,hydroquinone,1,2-benzenediol,benzofuran derivatives,benzyl nitrile and benzenepropanenitrile.