血液检测新模式在无偿献血者血液筛查中的应用分析

Analysis on a new mode of detection for screening blood donors

目的了解青岛市血液检测在新的检测模式下(血清学检测1遍+NAT 1遍)的血液检测结果。方法采用新的检测模式对2013年6月15日-12月31日在青岛市采集的55 529份无偿献血者标本用1遍ELISA血清学检测方法对HBs Ag、抗-HCV、抗-HIV进行检测,2种ELISA试剂检测抗-TP。其中54 858例ALT正常,抗-TP阴性的献血者标本进行NAT。我们将献血者血清学检测结果和NAT结果进行回顾性分析。结果 55 529例标本中共检出HBs Ag阳性128例(阳性率0.23%),抗-HCV阳性66例(阳性率0.10%),抗-HIV阳性31例(阳性率0.056%),NAT阳性率是0.21%(119例)。其中NAT阳性HBs Ag阳性53例,NAT阳性抗-HCV阳性19例,NAT阳性抗-HIV阳性8例。血清学检测结果阴性的标本中NAT阳性38例。结论血液检测新模式下,NAT和ELISA检测相互补充,有效地提高了血液安全。HBs Ag、抗-HCV和抗-HIV S/CO值与NAT结果的关联性有助于指导血液筛查和阳性献血者的追踪调查。

Objective To study the results by the new mode of detection（ a combination of one round of serological test with NAT） for screening blood donors. Methods 55,529 blood samples,collected from June 15 th to December 31 st in2013 in Qingdao were examined by serological tests. ELISA was applied to test for HBs Ag,anti-HCV and ant-HIV. Anti-TP was tested by two different ELISA kits. 54 858 blood samples were tested by NAT testing and were identified as ALT normal and anti-TP negative. A retrospective study on blood donors＇ results was conducted. Results Among the total volunteer donors,128 samples were HBs Ag positives,66 samples were anti-HCV positives,and 31 samples were anti-HIV positives. The incidence was 0. 23%,0. 10% and 0. 056%,respectively. The incidence rate of NAT positivity was 0. 21%. In 1 119NAT-positive donors,53 samples were HBs Ag positives,19 were anti-HCV positives,and 8 were anti-HIV positives. 38 samples were NAT positives among seronegative blood donors. Conclusion ELISA and NAT used in blood screening were complementary. The combined use may improve blood safety effectively. The correlation of HBs Ag,anti-HCV and anti-HIV S / CO value and NAT results may guide the follow-up approach in the blood screening of positive donors.