四川省部分地区献血浆人群调查与分析

Investigation and analysis of plasma donors in some districts of Sichuan

目的通过分析四川省部分地区献血浆人群的特性,为单采血浆站血源发展和稳定工作提供依据,以期提高血浆采集量,缓解血液制品紧缺的局面。方法选择四川省12家单采血浆站,对其2012年参与过献血浆的人群年龄、性别、距离、采浆次数、血浆数量等情况进行调查和分析。结果 2012年四川省12家单采血浆站参与献血浆的人群共计59 666名,其中≥40岁者为献血浆主力人群,来自农村的献浆者占总人数的86%,女性比例较高,献血浆人群中90%以上距单采血浆站在50 km范围内,年采浆频次>20次的稳定献浆者比例虽然只有27%,但却捐献了血浆总量的54%。结论单采血浆站开展血源发展和稳定工作时,应选择重点人群和重点区域进行开发和稳定,做到有的放矢,提高献血浆频次,同时应加强数据分析能力,优化流程,提升服务,以提高血浆采集量,缓解血液制品紧缺的局面。

Objective To provide the basis for the development and stability of plasma donor,to increase the amount of plasma collection with aim to relieve the shortage of blood products,and to analyze the characteristics of plasma donor population in some districts of Sichuan. Methods Twelve plasma centers in Sichuan province and plasma donors who had participated in plasma collection during 2012 were selected for this study. The characteristics of plasma donor population,such as age,sex,distance from the centers,plasma donation frequency and amount of plasma collection,were investigated and analyzed. Results There were 59,666 plasma donors who participated in plasma collection during 2012 in twelve plasma centers in Sichuan province. The plasma donors over 40 years of age constituted the main population in plasma donation,with86% from rural areas. Women comprised a higher proportion among donors. Among all plasma donors,90% traveled within50 km to visit plasma centers. The proportion of stable plasma donors which donated more than 20 times comprised only 27%but contributed to 54% of total amount of plasma collection. Conclusion Plasma centers which aim to emphasize on the development and achieve security of plasma should target on key populations in key aresas. Meantime,plasma centers should improve the capability of data analysis,optimize processes and upgrade services,in order to increase the amount of plasma collection amount in favor of relieving the shortage of blood products.