四角蛤蜊粗多糖对四氧嘧啶诱导ICR小鼠糖尿病模型的降血糖作用

The Anti-hyperglycemic Activity of Crude Polysaccharides from Mactra Veneriformis in Alloxan Induced Diabetes in Mice

目的研究四角蛤蜊粗多糖中具有降血糖作用的活性部位。方法 ICR小鼠,尾静脉注射四氧嘧啶(80 mg/kg)生理盐水溶液,96 h后筛选空腹血糖值≥11.1 mmol/L的糖尿病小鼠。四角蛤蜊粗多糖1按200、400、800、1 200 mg/kg剂量进行分组。分别测定第7、14天的空腹血糖值,糖化血清蛋白、总胆固醇及甘油三酯含量等指标。另取糖尿病小鼠,按照筛选出四角蛤蜊粗多糖1的最佳剂量(800 mg/kg),将四角蛤蜊粗多糖1按醇沉范围分段,相同生药量换算剂量,分为四角蛤蜊粗多糖2、3组。测定四角蛤蜊粗多糖1组(800 mg/kg)、四角蛤蜊粗多糖2组(180、360 mg/kg)和四角蛤蜊粗多糖3组(2 040 mg/kg)给药第7天空腹体质量和血糖水平。结果四角蛤蜊粗多糖1具有降血糖作用,可降低小鼠糖化血清蛋白、总胆固醇及甘油三酯含量,其中四角蛤蜊粗多糖2(180、360 mg/kg)具有降血糖作用,四角蛤蜊粗多糖3无降血糖作用。结论四角蛤蜊粗多糖1具有降血糖作用,最佳剂量为800 mg/kg,其降糖活性部位集中于四角蛤蜊粗多糖2。

OBJECTIVE To study the anti-hyperglycemic effective sites of crude polysaccharides from Mactra veneriformis（ MVPS）. METHODS Hyperglycemia models were established by intravenous injection of alloxan via tail vein of ICR mice under a dose of 80 mg / kg. After 96 h, mice with fasting blood glucose levels≥11. 1 mmol / L were chosen and divided into groups. MVPS 1treated at the doses of 200, 400, 800 mg / kg and 1 200 mg / kg once daily, respectively. At 7th and 14 th days, respectively, the levels of blood glucose, GSP, TCH and TG were measured. Other diabetic mice were divided into MVPS 1（ 800 mg / kg）, MVPS 2（ 180,360 mg / kg） and MVPS 3（ 2 040 mg / kg） groups. After 7 d treatment, both body weights and fasting blood glucose levels were measured. RESULTS MVPS 1 of 800 mg / kg displayed the optimal anti-hyperglycemic effect on diabetic mice and reduced GSP, TCH and TG levels of diabetic mice; MVPS 2 showed significantly anti-hyperglycemic activities, compared to the model group. MVPS 3 exhibited no anti-hyperglycemic activities. CONCLUSION MVPS 1 displays the optimal hypoglycemic effect at the dose of 800 mg / kg,and its hypoglycemic active site focuses on MVPS 2.