原型理论视域下的英汉习语互译

On the Translation of Idioms between Chinese and English from the Perspective of Prototype Theory

原型理论视域下的习语界定核心特征是概念原型和表层词项特征。英汉习语概念原型和表层词项特征的对应关系形成了对等习语、概念对等习语、形式对等习语和不对等习语四种原型对应关系。对等习语有两个次生范畴:完全双对等习语和相对双等习语。不对等习语也有两个次生范畴:语义透明的不对等习语和语义隐晦的不对等习语。每一种习语类型在英汉互译都有其特定的翻译策略。

According to the conceptual and formal prototype embodied in idioms, the corresponding relationship can be divided into four groups： first, reciprocal idioms, which can be further classified into sub-categories： absolute double reciprocal idioms and relative double reciprocal idioms; second, conceptual reciprocal idioms; third, formal reciprocal idioms; last, non-reciprocal idioms, which also be further classified into sub-categories：semantic-transparent non-reciprocal idioms and semantic-opaque non-reciprocal idioms. Every one of the prototype mentioned above asks for adaptive translation strategies.