汽车座椅骨架构件布局设计方法

The component layout design method for automotive seat skeleton

传统的汽车座椅骨架构件布局依靠经验设计,不仅设计效率低,而且得不到性价比最优的结构.以某轿车后排座椅板管结构骨架为研究对象,基于结构拓扑优化设计技术,提出了座椅骨架构件布局设计方法.首先,根据骨架外观形状及尺寸要求,确定设计区域,并根据实际的安全带加载工况,建立设计模型;然后,以结构静刚度最大为优化目标,采用变密度法对结构进行拓扑优化设计,并根据拓扑优化结果,提出2种不同的布局方案;最后,根据有限元分析结果确定最终的设计方案,并对优化设计结果进行行李箱后撞的安全性分析.研究结果表明,在骨架质量下降1.92%的情况下,整体静态刚度提高19.0%,并满足动态碰撞的安全性要求.采用所提出的设计方法,可以得到最优座椅骨架构件布局结构.

The traditional layout of automotive seat skeleton components mainly relies on the de‐signer＇s experience ,which leads to low design efficiency and non‐optimal structure .This paper studied the layout design method of automotive seat skeleton components for the rear seat of a car with the plate‐tube structure based on structural topology optimization design technology .First‐ly ,according to the shape and size requirements on skeleton appearance ,the design domain was determined and the design model was constructed under the belt loading state .Secondly ,the structural topology optimization design was carried out on the basis of the alterable density meth‐od ,in which the maximum static stiffness was set to be the design objective .According to the re‐sult of topology optimization ,two different schemes were put forward .Finally ,the optimal de‐sign scheme was determined by comparing the FEA results ,and the collision safety analysis was carried out .The results showed the suggested design method was effective ,the skeleton weight was declined by 1 .92% ,while the overall static stiffness increased by 19 .0% ,and the safety re‐quirement of dynamic collision was satisfied .The optimal components layout of seat skeleton is obtained by using the design method .